Info about China
China
The People’s Republic of China is commonly called China. It is the most populated country of the world and has almost one and a half billion people. China is located in East Asia. The Communist Party of China controls the government under a one party system. It has twenty-two provinces, five regions that are autonomous, four cities that are administered municipalities, and two independent regions, Hong Kong and Macau. The capital of China is Bejing.
China has about 3.7 million sq. mi. It is the third largest country in the world in land area. Its land in made up of deserts and forests. The west is a rugged terrain at high atltitude. China has a natural border with India formed by the Himalaysa and the Tian Shan mountains. The mainland of China is a lw area and has about 7400 miles of coastline. The South China Sea borders it on the southeastern side, and the East China Sea borders the eastern side. Taiwan, Japan, and Korea are just past the East China Sea.
One of the world’s oldest civilizations, the Chinese have excelled on the Yellow River basin that flows over the North China Plain. For over six thousand years, China had a political system that was based on a hereditary monarchy. These monarchies were also called dynasties. The last dynasty ended in 1911 when the Republic of China was founded by the Chinese Nationalist Party. During the first half of the twentieth century, China was involved with civil wars. The country was divided into two main political sides. Major fighting was over in 1949 and the communists had won the civil war. They estblished the People’s Republic of China on the Chinese mainland. The Republic of China moved their capital to Taipei, which was located on Taiwan. Taiwan’s jurisdiction was limited to Kinmen, Taiwan, Matsu, and some other islands. The People’s Republic of China have been in political disputes with the Republic of China about the political situation of Taiwan ever since.
In 1978, China made some economic reforms and the market based economy was introduced. China has become the world’s largest exporter, but the second largest importer or products. It has seen fast industrializaton. The poverty level was 53% in 1981, but in 2001 it was only 8%. The People’s Republic of China now faces an elderly population because of the policy that they could only have one child. They also have a huge rural/urban gap in their income. In addition, governments along with other agencies, have criticized China for its violations of human right and for a reord of interfereing with freedom of the press.
China is a major world power and the third largest economy in the world. It is a United Nations permanent member, and also a permanent member of the United Nations Security Countcil.
China has the largest army in the world and the second largest budget for defense. It is known as a superpower by public policy analyst, mititary analysts, and academics .